Confirmation bias is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms or supports one's prior
beliefs or values.
[1] It is an important type of
cognitive bias that has a significant effect on the proper functioning of society by distorting evidence-based decision-making. People display this bias when they gather or remember information selectively, or when they interpret it in a
biased way. For example, a person may cherry-pick empirical data that supports one's belief, ignoring the remainder of the data that is not supportive. People also tend to interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing position. The effect is strongest for desired outcomes, for
emotionally charged issues, and for deeply entrenched
beliefs.