https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malicious_prosecution
Malicious prosecution is a
common law intentional
tort, while like the tort of
abuse of process, its elements include (1) intentionally (and
maliciously) instituting and pursuing (or causing to be instituted or pursued) a legal action (
civil or
criminal) that is (2) brought without
probable cause and (3) dismissed in favor of the victim of the malicious prosecution. In some jurisdictions, the term "malicious prosecution" denotes the wrongful initiation of criminal proceedings, while the term "malicious use of process" denotes the wrongful initiation of civil proceedings.