Stanford's new cell therapy cures type 1 diabetes in mice
A donor–recipient hybrid immune system may hold the key to curing Type 1 diabetes and other autoimmune diseases. Credit: Shutterstock
Stanford Medicine scientists report that giving mice both blood-forming stem cells and pancreatic islet cells from an immunologically mismatched donor either completely prevented or fully reversed Type 1 diabetes. In this disease, the body's own immune defenses mistakenly attack and destroy the insulin-producing islet cells in the pancreas.
None of the animals developed graft-versus-host disease, a condition in which the immune system arising from the donated blood stem cells attacks healthy tissue in the recipient, and the destruction of islet cells by the animals' original immune system came to a stop. After receiving the transplants, the mice no longer needed immune suppressive drugs or insulin at any point during the six-month study.
"The possibility of translating these findings into humans is very exciting," said Seung K. Kim, MD, PhD, the KM Mulberry Professor and a professor of developmental biology, gerontology, endocrinology and metabolism. "The key steps in our study -- which result in animals with a hybrid immune system containing cells from both the donor and the recipient -- are already being used in the clinic for other conditions. We believe this approach will be transformative for people with Type 1 diabetes or other autoimmune diseases, as well as for those who need solid organ transplants."
Kim, who directs the Stanford Diabetes Research Center and the Northern California Breakthrough T1D Center of Excellence, is the senior author of the study, which published online Nov. 18 in the Journal of Clinical Investigation. Graduate and medical student Preksha Bhagchandani is the lead author of the research.
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