The Supreme Court of Oregon overruled itself, again a recent and dangerous change.
http://www.pdxcriminallawyers.com/articles-by-castleberry-elison/oregons-stand-your-ground-statute/
In 1982, the Oregon Supreme Court had to decide whether Oregon’s use of deadly force in selfdefense law imposed a duty to retreat when outside of the home. Citing previous case law, the Court noted: “(a)ny civilized system of law recognizes the supreme value of human life, and excuses or justifies its taking only in cases of absolute necessity.” State v. Charles, 293 Or. 273, 281 (1982) abrogated by State v. Sandoval, 342 Or. 506 (2007). The Court ultimately decided that Oregon law imposed a “duty to retreat” when outside of the home, thus relegating the use of deadly force in self-defense only when there is no reasonable opportunity to escape. State v. Charles, 293 Or. 273 (1982). For 25 years, this was the rule in Oregon. If you kill in self defense outside of your home, you better not have been able to avoid the killing.
In 2007, the Oregon Supreme Court reversed itself stating that the analysis in Charles was, “distinctly odd.” To determine whether Oregon law imposed a duty to retreat, the Court looked only at the language of the statute. It concluded that: “the legislature’s intent is clear on the face of ORS 161.219: The legislature did not intend to require a person to retreat before using deadly force to defend against the imminent use of deadly physical force by another.” State v. Sandoval, 342 Or. 506, 513-14, (2007). This seems like a bold statement from the Oregon Supreme Court seeing how in the previous 25 years the law was the inverse. The Oregon statute does not make the intent of the legislature nearly as clear as Florida’s “Stand Your Ground” law. Furthermore, the Oregon Supreme Court’s decision in 2007 ignores its previous recognition that “any civilized system of law recognizes the supreme value of human life, and excuses or justifies its taking only in cases of absolute necessity.” Are we to infer that Oregon is no longer a civilized system of law? Perhaps the state of Oregon no longer recognizes the supreme value of human life.
Whether you support or oppose the use of deadly force in self-defense, the Oregon Supreme Court says you have no duty to retreat outside of your home. Is the Oregon Supreme Court’s interpretation of ORS 161.219 the correct interpretation? It has been 41 years since the Oregon legislature passed ORS 161.219. For at least 25 years it has required a duty to retreat, and for the last seven it has not. Perhaps the Oregon legislature should consider revisiting and clarifying ORS 161.219.