Teacher Quality
This is the result of the recent Thomas Fordham Foundation study. Teacher "quality" was measured by how the:
States punish or reward teachers and administrators for student achievement,
Conducts checks on teachers' backgrounds and college course work, and
How much power the state gives for individual schools to hire and fire teachers.
Education Input
Four measurements were standardized and then averaged for this variable:[2]
Average teacher salaries,
Pupil/teacher ratios,
Education cost per student, and
The Thomas Fordham results.
Education Output
Output was calculated by using the standardized average of:
Percent of 4th graders at or above grade level as measured on NAEP tests on
Reading, and
math
Mean ACT score for the state.[3]
Education Social Impact
The measurement is problematic. In this case it was simply measured by using the standardized average of three measures:
Per capita income,
Percent of population with college degrees, and
The average number of books checked out of libraries per capita.
Education Efficiency
This measurement is basically the "bang-per-buck" of education. It is a measurement that businesses would use if they were measuring efficiency. It was calculated by using the standardized average of the cost per student per unit measured output. Three measures were used:
The cost per student per percent of reading above or at 4th grade level,
The cost per student per percent of math above or at 4th grade level, and
The cost [4